This leads to the extensive activation and proliferation of EBV-infected lymphocytes, causing the excessive release of cytokines such as IL-13 and subsequent cascade reactions, which activate macrophages and induce macrophage phagocytosis of blood cells, resulting in EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) [123]. This evidence concerns the gene IL13 and hemophagocytic syndrome.