Additionally, we found that deficiencies in oxidative phosphorylation in the AD hippocampus could be rescued by xanthohumol through the upregulation of proteins involved in mitochondrial complexes, including complexes I (Ndufa9, Ndufs1, and Ndufs3), II (Sdha), III (Uqcrc), IV (COX1), and V (Atp5a1, Atp5b, and Atp5h). Here, NDUFS1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.