LAT2 and cholangiocarcinoma: Thongpon et al. [83] showed that curcumin synergistically enhances the efficacy of gemcitabine against gemcitabine-resistant cholangiocarcinoma (CCA cells, KKU-213BGemR) by induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases, partly via inhibiting LAT2/glutamine pathway.