INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Phytosterols, phytoecdysteroids, phenolics, tocophenols, betalains, tannins, and glycine betaine are the beneficial phytochemicals in quinoa that elicit both antidiabetic and anti-obesity effects by inhibiting α-glucosidase, regulating body weight, improving insulin sensitivity, and reducing postprandial glycemia and lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle [255,256,257,258].