Findings in animal stroke models show that the normalization of stroke-induced dysbiosis (e.g., a reduction in the levels of Bacteroidetes and an increase in the Proteobacteria and Firmicutes population or SCFA-producing bacteria) mitigates neurological deficits, and improves post-stroke recovery by decreasing inflammation oxidative stress and restoring the SCFA-producing bacteria amount that regulate the levels of BDNF, a well-known neurotrophic factor involved as a keystone molecule in neuroplasticity, learning, and memory [116,117,118,119]. Here, BDNF is linked to Stroke.