Chronic excess alcohol consumption can lead to dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and autophagy-induced hyperammonemia, instigating the upregulation of muscle protein breakdown and downregulation of muscle protein synthesis through the deactivation of IGF-1 and activation of myostatin, AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), and REDD1 (regulated in development and DNA damage response 1) [33,36]. Here, IGF1 is linked to Hyperammonemia.