PMAIP1 and cancer: Both NOXA (PMAIP1) and BAX genes have been studied in other research: Ishida et al. (2008) found that NOXA (PMAIP1) may play a significant role in pancreatic cancer progression [39], Hyunhee et al. (2019) found that NOXA (PMAIP1) was downregulated in non-small lung cancer cells thus leading to cell proliferation and cancer development [40].