In HD KI pig models, interleukin-17A (IL17A) produced by Th17 cells in the brain mediated the significant activation of pathways involving interleukin 17 receptor A (IL17RA), interleukin 17 receptor C (IL17RC), TNF receptor-associated factor 3 interacting protein 2 (TRAF3IP2), an inhibitor of NF-κB kinase subunit gamma and epsilon (IKBKG, IKBKE), which in turn activate microglia and astrocytes in the brain, causing significant synaptic damage [95]. The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is Huntington disease.