Taking into account these findings and the outcomes of our present study, steroid unresponsiveness in EMT and in the production of TSLP and CCL5 induced by co-stimulation with TWEAK and TGF-β1 is suggested to be a significant mechanism for patients with asthma, which is insufficiently controlled even after treatment with high-dose inhaled or oral glucocorticoids. The gene discussed is CCL5; the disease is asthma.