A study on STZ-induced DN in C57BL/6 mice knockout for apolipoprotein E and treated with pioglitazone for 8 weeks showed significant reductions in serum markers and mesangial expansion due to the inhibition of NF-κB and inflammasome formation, including IL-1β, NLRP3, and caspase 1 [103]. Here, APOE is linked to liver dysplastic nodule.