Recently, urine proteomic studies have identified new urinary biomarkers associated with monocyte/neutrophil degranulation (PR3, S100A8, azurocidin, catalase, cathepsins, MMP8), macrophage activation (CD163, CD206, galectin-1), wound healing/matrix degradation (nidogen-1, decorin), and IL-16 in patients with active LN [19] that correlated with histological activity and treatment response. This evidence concerns the gene MRC1 and lobular neoplasia.