Correspondingly, the study by Esad Koklu et al. [29] on intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) neonates of healthy mothers also showed an increased aIMT (0.45 ± 0.03 mm in IUGR vs. 0.39 ± 0.04 mm in controls), with significantly lower levels of serum IGF-I and leptin, underscoring the role of compromised fetal growth and altered endocrine parameters in early vascular remodeling. This evidence concerns the gene LEP and fetal growth restriction.