During development, TRBP2 critically contributes to spermatogenesis and growth control, as TRBP2 loss causes morphological abnormalities, such as reduced body size and oligospermia in mice [21,37,67], while it also has an impact on neural stem-cell characteristics during brain development via activating the Notch signaling pathway in a DICER- and RNA-independent manner [68]. The gene discussed is DICER1; the disease is oligospermia.