Intrathecally delivered CAR T cells targeting EGFR and IL13Rα2 were evaluated in a phase I trial (NCT05168423, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05168423, accessed on 27 October 2024) in six patients with glioblastoma recurrence, demonstrating safety with only early-onset neurotoxicity consistent with immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), which was clinically manageable, and moderate efficacy, with reductions in enhancement and tumor size detected by MRI in all six patients [140]. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and neoplasm.