BBOF1 and Reduced sperm motility: For example, Dnah17, Vdac3, and Pla2g3 loss induces destabilization of sperm MTDs 4–7, causing asthenozoospermia, whereas Ccdc176 KO mouse sperm exhibit axonemal structure deficiency in the absence of Dmt1 and/or 9 (missing Dmt1, Dmt9, or both).