The sympathetic projection pathway from the PVN was linked to the femoral head via postganglionic neurons in paravertebral chain ganglia (lumbar levels).41 Co-immunostaining for TH and NeuN showed a significant increase of TH expression in sympathetic postganglionic neurons of paravertebral chain ganglia in the PVN in MPS-treated ONFH mice following RU486 treatment (Fig. 2n, o). The gene discussed is RBFOX3; the disease is mucopolysaccharidosis.