CREB1 and mucopolysaccharidosis: Western blotting analysis showed that the increased PFKFB3 expression caused by NE cotreatment in MPS-treated ECs was significantly reduced via knockdown of Adrb2 by small interfering (si)-RNA or CREB inhibitor (666-15) treatment, and knockdown of Adrb2 blocked NE-induced CREB phosphorylation in MPS-treated ECs (Fig. 7a–c).