Additionally, chronic inflammatory environments can also activate signaling pathways such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) which promote cell survival and proliferation in tumour cells (Mantovani et al. 2008). This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and neoplasm.