CTLA4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Now, both the combinations of atezolizumab, a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor, plus bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor [4, 5], and durvalumab, another anti-PD-L1 antibody, plus tremelimumab, a cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor, have demonstrated improved efficacy over sorafenib as first-line treatments for unresectable HCC [6].