Importantly, our recent studies indicate that the activation of Psmb10 and Psmb8 contributes to several cardiovascular diseases by regulating the stability of multiple protein substrates (ATG5, PTEN, ATRAP, IKBα, SOCS3, etc.)that are involved in autophagy, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis [7–12]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKBIA and cardiovascular disorder.