PDCD1 and lung carcinoma: Lung cancers exhibit the highest mortality rates worldwide.[1] Immunotherapy represented by programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐1/PD‐L1) inhibitors has revolutionized the treatment regimens for advanced lung cancers.[1, 2] However, the overall response rate remains far from satisfactory, primarily attributed to the exclusive reliance on PD‐L1 as a solitary immunotherapy marker in clinical settings, as well as its complex spatiotemporal heterogeneity.[2, 3]