According to the statistical methods described above, we selected the lasso regression algorithm with the highest AUC, so the final predictive candidates included in the nomogram were as follows: male (P=0.127), CCI (P=0.006), poorly differentiated tumor (P<0.001), LVI (P<0.001), LNM (P<0.001), additional treatment (P=0.007), neutrophils over 32.2x109/L (P=0.003), RBC lower than 4.45x1012/L (P<0.001), Hb lower than or equal to 98 g/L (P=0.023), AFP higher than 3.24 ng/ml (P=0.034). Here, AFP is linked to neoplasm.