DPP4i, DPP4 inhibitors; SPIDDM, slowly progressive type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; DM, diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; UACR, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; UA, uric acid; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; DPP4, dipeptidyl peptidase 4. Here, DPP4 is linked to diabetes mellitus.