NFE2L2 and cancer: Conversely, it downregulates pathways like monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT-1)/miR-34a/ interleukin (IL)-6/IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), which are crucial for limiting cancer stem cell activity and EMT (Figure 1A).