In the realm of PD-L1 inhibitors, only the ALTER-E003 study has reported preliminary response data for first-line treatment with benmelstobart plus anlotinib.14 Notably, anti-PD-L1-based triple regimens, particularly involving multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), remain underexplored in ESCC treatment. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.