We designed an orthotopic ccRCC transplantation model using a murine Renca cell line, and transplanted Renca cells in the left kidney of syngeneic mice as well as followed by tail vein injections of in vitro collected exosomes from either control or Pd-l2 OE counterparts (Fig. S2E). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1LG2 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.