Perhaps one of the most relevant findings in this study is the observation that colocalization or close spatial proximity of PD-1+ T cells (and/or PD-1+CD8+ Tc) with PD-L1+ cells (immune and/or tumor cells) was significantly associated with response in the overall cohort as well as the TN and HR+HER2− subtypes. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is neoplasm.