STAT1 and breast carcinoma: These included a chemokine signature (Chemokine12), the GeparSixto signature (a set of 12 immune genes that predicted response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer in the GeparSixto trial), an integrated cytokine score gene signature (ICS5), a tumor inflammation signature (TIS; a set of 18 genes that measures a pre-existing, suppressed adaptive immune response), a STAT1 gene signature, STAT1 and STAT3 phosphoprotein biomarkers, a hormone receptor expression gene signature (ER_PR_sig), and a proliferation signature (Mitotic_sig).