THUMPD2 and cardiovascular disorder: Administration of betaine (an FDA-approved alternative methylating agent) reduces elevated SAH levels as a means to restore SAM-dependent methyltransferases activity [117], improves methylation of homocysteine to limit cardiovascular diseases (i.e., atherosclerosis) [118], and shows anti-epileptic properties by blocking homocysteine-induced seizures in rats [119, 120].