NPPB and diabetes mellitus: In an examination of 402 candidate biomarkers among a nested case–control cohort of 223 individuals with rapid eGFR decline compared with 258 individuals with stable eGFR course from the PROspective cohort study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for VALIDation of biomarkers (PROVALID study), NT-proBNP, together with kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), were found to be the two best biomarkers for eGFR trajectory during follow-up, with baseline eGFR being an important covariate [16].