PDCD1 and autoimmune glomerulonephritis: Studies on experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis have demonstrated that stimulation of PD-1 using PD-L1/Fc fusion protein leads to a significant reduction in albuminuria, serum urea, serum creatinine, crescent formation, and tubular damage, as well as the numbers of glomerular macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and PD-1+ cells (115).