TFRC and anemia (phenotype): A 2016 study in Cape Town, South Africa, found ACD to be the predominant cause of anaemia in patients with HIV and tuberculosis, seen in over 95% of their study population, also utilising the higher ferritin cut-off of < 30 μg/L.18 Importantly, this study was more extensive in the usage of other biochemistry of iron status such as soluble transferrin receptor, as well as infective markers such as C-reactive protein, which likely improved the sensitivity.