For instance, a cross-sectional analysis involving 3,276 elderly participants demonstrated that serum IGF-1 levels were lower in individuals with sarcopenia compared to those without this condition (54).Another study involving 27 healthy students demonstrated that after 12 weeks of high-intensity resistance training and moderate-intensity endurance training, there was a notable increase in muscle strength and endurance, while IGF-1 levels decreased significantly in all participant groups post-intervention (55). Here, IGF1 is linked to sarcopenia.