Use of diabetes medication at onset of type 2 diabetes also showed regional variability, with the percentage of patients treated with oral glucose-lowering drugs (Fig. 5e) ranging from 36.1% in EU to 69.8% in SA, while the percentage of patients treated with insulin (Fig. 5d) ranged from 16.1% in NA to 55.4% in AS/AF. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is atrial fibrillation.