AKT1 and colonic neoplasm: VTD (100μM) treatment in HCT-116 cells downregulates the phosphorylation level of AKT473, an essential step for the AKT-mediated phosphorylation of different downstream signaling pathways important in tumorigenesis, including tumor cell migration, angiogenesis, and metastatic colon cancer stem cells (Fig. 1C–D) (26).