Moreover, a study showed that the inhibition of HSP90 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in lung cancer via downregulating AKT1-ERK pathway, where the inhibition of HSP90 decreased p-ERK expression (Niu et al., 2021); Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes could relieve hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by suppressing the Hsp90AA1/ERK/pERK pathway, in which the decrease of p-ERK could also be observed (Deng et al., 2024). The gene discussed is MAPK1; the disease is lung cancer.