In addition, the protein expression levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1 and IL-1β increased significantly from 12 hpi to 48 hpi in GEK cells infected with GoAstV (Figures 4B, C), which indicates that GoAstV infection induces the activation of the NLRP3 pathway in GEK cells and further induces inflammatory lesions in the kidney upon infection with GoAstV. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and infection.