These genes include hematopoietic transcription factors such as RUNX1, CEBPA, GATA2, and ETV6, but also genes important in other biological pathways, such as ANKRD26 and SRP72. Several of these genes are also somatically mutated in sporadic MDS (i.e., ETV6, DDX41, GATA2) and AML (i.e., RUNX1, CEPBA, GATA2), while others appear enriched or exclusive to the germline inherited forms of myeloid malignancy predisposition (i.e., ANKRD26). This evidence concerns the gene RUNX1 and myelodysplastic syndrome.