EGFR and cancer: Lung cancer, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally.364 Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a cell surface tyrosine kinase receptor, is often mutated in NSCLC, leading to its persistent activation which drives the proliferation of tumor cells.365 Although small molecule inhibitors targeting EGFR significantly improve prognosis,365–371 resistance inevitably develops during treatment, commonly through secondary mutations such as EGFR T790M.372