IAPs: Apart from as E3 ubiquitin ligases, IAPs also function as suppressors of apoptosis by blocking caspase.44 Among the IAP family, c-IAP1, c-IAP2, and XIAP are regarded as potential effective targets for cancer therapy due to their overexpression in cancer cells45 and roles in anti-apoptosis. The gene discussed is XIAP; the disease is cancer.