FOS and migraine disorder: In the current investigation, multiple migraine pathologic criteria markers were assessed; these include NO; a migraine attack inducer and is involved in pain transmission [65] c-fos; a marker of trigeminovascular system activation that relates to cephalic pain [66], CGRP; a neurotransmitter released from the activated trigeminovascular system and is believed to play a causative role in migraine [67], and TNF-α; a proinflammatory molecule involved in migraine neurogenic neuroinflammation and has a key role in migraine transition from episodic to chronic one [68].