RNASEL and infection: Infection of a cell with viral particles leads to a signalingcascade leading to its activation—type I interferon responseis triggered by double-stranded viral RNA, which activates synthesisof rather unusual signaling molecules—2′-5′ oligoadenylates.305 RNase L binds these oligonucleotides, whichtriggers a conformational change in the protein, leading to the C-terminalribonuclease domain getting exposed.306 This is followed by the dimerization of two ribonuclease domains,resulting in the active dimeric form of this enzyme.