These microbiomes can induce macrophage migration into tumor tissues (Byrne et al., 2014) and activate the inhibited immune microenvironment through elevated IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in systemic inflammation (Janku et al., 2021) or elevated metabolites such as L-arginine in the TME (Canale et al., 2021). Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.