In cancer, increasing evidence has shown that palmitoylation of many oncoproteins (e.g., EGFR, RAS, PD1/PD-L1) and tumour suppressors (e.g., SCRIB, melanocortin 1 receptor) alters signal transduction in tumour cells, ultimately affecting the development of tumours and determining sensitivity to cancer treatment [21–25]. This evidence concerns the gene MC1R and cancer.