CD14 and COVID-19: We demonstrated that the transcriptome pattern of HERV loci in CD14 + monocytes was specific for the individual and reproducible between paired samples prepared by the same method for scRNA-seq. We developed a composite 21 normal individual pangenome control panel to identify HERV loci that were preferentially expressed in activated, but not quiescent, CD14 + monocytes from patients that had undergone physical trauma and patients infected with COVID-19.