CASP9 and lung carcinoma: The gene expression level of the following genes - five pro-apoptotic genes (P53, Bax, Caspase 3, Caspase 8, and Caspase 9) and three anti-apoptotic genes (MMPI, CDK4, and Bcl2) - were investigated using specific primers (experimental section) for each gene in 3e and 3f-treated A549 lung carcinoma cell line, compared to the housekeeping gene (beta-actin).