SERPINE1 and cardiovascular disorder: In a study examining a variety of risk factors in patients with periodontitis and cardiovascular disease, significant but weak associations were reported between periodontal parameters and levels of von Willebrand factor and PAI‐1; however, follow‐up of the impact of nonsurgical periodontal therapy did not observe significant changes in levels of hemostatic factors, which may be due to pre‐existing cardiovascular disease and the difficulty of modifying these factors in these patients.93