Similar observations were made for IL-10 knockout mice models of IBD, as chlorogenic acid was able to reduce the expression levels of iNOS, IL-1β, and TNF-α 378, whereas chlorogenic acid was able to inhibit the growth of Bacteroides and the accumulation of Bacteroides-derived LPS, in indomethacin-induced colitis 379. Here, NOS2 is linked to irritable bowel syndrome.