It has been widely demonstrated that CD8+ T-cells, NK cells, and M1 macrophages can mediate anti-tumor responses in bone, whereas immunosuppressive cells such as M2 macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and T- regulatory cells (Tregs) can attenuate the activity of CD8+ T-cells involved in tumor immune surveillance, thereby promoting the progression of bone metastasis35, 47. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.