The heterogeneity test demonstrated that there was no heterogeneity in the analysis between VEGF and atrial fibrillation and flutter (P > 0.05), but there was heterogeneity in the analysis between VEGF-C and atrial fibrillation as well as between VEGF (uncategorized) and atrial fibrillation (P < 0.05). The gene discussed is VEGFC; the disease is atrial fibrillation.