BRAF and neoplasm: It was found that tumor BRAF, NRAS, HRAS gene mutation status, Ki67, P16, PTEN protein expression levels, miRNA, lncRNA non-coding RNA mutation sites are potential prognostic predictors of malignant melanoma (66, 67), However, clinical testing for the aforementioned markers is expensive and controversial regarding their prognostic accuracy, rendering them unsuitable for routine screening of melanoma patients.