ERAP1 function has been linked to the predisposition to several autoinflammatory diseases of autoimmune etiology (in particular MHC-I-opathies (4)), the efficacy of immune responses to several infections (5, 6) as well as to the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy (7), and as a result, it is an emerging pharmacological target (8, 9). Here, ERAP1 is linked to infection.