XDH and hyperuricemia: Hyperuricemia has been associated with various components of metabolic syndrome, such as insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, etc. Although the underlying mechanism is not properly elucidated, it has been proposed that dyslipidemia can cause overexpression of the enzyme xanthine oxidoreductase, thus promoting the degradation of adenosine triphosphate and generating more uric acid as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS).